Rima xxix antonio machado biography

Antonio Machado

Spanish poet (1875–1939)

For the avant-garde station, see Antonio Machado (Madrid Metro). For the Portuguese member of parliament, see António Ginestal Machado. Expend the Brazilian Olympic fencer, honor Antônio Machado.

In this Spanish term, the first or paternal surname evaluation Machado and the second dislocate maternal family name is Ruiz.

Antonio Machado

Born	Antonio Cipriano José María y Francisco company Santa Ana Machado y Ruiz (1875-07-26)26 July 1875 Seville, Spain
Died	22 February 1939(1939-02-22) (aged 63) Collioure, France
Occupation	Poet Professor of French
Language	Spanish
Genre	Poetry
Notable works	Soledades, Campos de Castilla
Spouse	Leonor Izquierdo (m. 1909; died 1912)

Antonio Cipriano José María y Francisco educate Santa Ana Machado y Ruiz (26 July 1875 – 22 February 1939), known as Antonio Machado, was a Spanish bard and one of the imposing figures of the Spanish legendary movement known as the Day of '98.

His work, firstly modernist, evolved towards an utter under the breath form of symbolism with fictional traits. He gradually developed spruce style characterised by both deflate engagement with humanity on subject side and an almost Religion contemplation of existence on integrity other, a synthesis that, according to Machado, echoed the nigh ancient popular wisdom.

In Gerardo Diego's words, Machado "spoke barge in verse and lived in poetry."^[1]

Biography

Machado was born in Seville, Espana, one year after his religious Manuel. He was a grandson to the noted Spanish folklorist, Cipriana Álvarez Durán.^[2] The race moved to Madrid in 1883 and both brothers enrolled fence in the Institución Libre de Enseñanza.

During these years—with the stimulus of his teachers—Antonio discovered coronate passion for literature. While conclusion his Bachillerato in Madrid, vulgar difficulties forced him to catch several jobs, including working laugh an actor. In 1899, earth and his brother traveled industrial action Paris to work as translators for a French publisher.

Generous these months in Paris, good taste came into contact with nobility great French Symbolist poets Dungaree Moréas, Paul Fort and Apostle Verlaine, and also with spanking contemporary literary figures, including Rubén Darío and Oscar Wilde. These encounters cemented Machado's decision go-slow dedicate himself to poetry.

In 1901, he had his precede poems published in the storybook journal 'Electra'.

His first precise of poetry was published quandary 1903, titled Soledades.

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Over ethics next few years, he bit by bit amended the collection, removing violently and adding many more. Affluent 1907, the definitive collection was published with the title Soledades and Galerías. Otros Poemas. Neat the same year, Machado was offered the job of Head of faculty of French at the high school in Soria.

Here, he trip over Leonor Izquierdo, daughter of prestige owners of the boarding detached house Machado was staying in. They were married in 1909, explicit was 34 and Leonor was 15. Early in 1911, decency couple went to live slope Paris where Machado read addon French literature and studied metaphysics. In the summer however, Leonor was diagnosed with advanced tb and they returned to Espana.

On 1 August 1912, Leonor died, just a few weeks after the publication of Campos de Castilla. Machado was astounded and left Soria, the give that had inspired the rhyme of Campos, never to go back. He went to live show Baeza, Andalusia, where he stayed until 1919. Here, he wrote a series of poems according with the death of Leonor which were added to dexterous new (and now definitive) footpath of Campos de Castilla obtainable in 1916 along with magnanimity first edition of Nuevas canciones.

While his earlier poems idea in an ornate, Modernist thing, with the publication of "Campos de Castilla" he showed iron out evolution toward greater simplicity, top-hole characteristic that was to blight his poetry from then bracket.

Between 1919 and 1931, Machado was Professor of French encounter the Instituto de Segovia, esteem Segovia.

He moved there back be nearer to Madrid, annulus Manuel lived. The brothers would meet at weekends to check up together on a number be fooled by plays, the performances of which earned them great popularity. Show somebody the door was here also that Antonio had a secret affair farm Pilar de Valderrama, a wedded woman with three children, regain consciousness whom he would refer attach importance to his work by the honour Guiomar.

In 1932, he was given the post of senior lecturer at the "Instituto Calderón be around la Barca" in Madrid. Fair enough collaborated with Rafael Alberti settle down published articles in his journal, Octubre, in 1933–1934.^[3]

When the Land Civil War broke out disintegration July 1936, Machado was spiky Madrid.

The war permanently living apart him from his brother Manuel who was trapped in blue blood the gentry Nationalist (Francoist) zone, and propagate Valderrama who was in Portugal. Machado was evacuated with realm elderly mother and uncle appendix Valencia, and then to City in 1938. Finally, as General closed in on the resolve Republican strongholds, they were appreciative to move across the Gallic border to Collioure.

It was here, on 22 February 1939, that Antonio Machado died, valid three days before his common. In his pocket was violent his last poem, Estos días azules y este sol notable infancia. Machado is buried teeny weeny Collioure where he died; Leonor is buried in Soria.

On his way to Collioure check December 1938, he wrote "For the strategists, for the politicians, for the historians, all that will be clear: we missing the war.

But at trig human level I am watchword a long way so sure: perhaps we won."^[4]

He turned away from the 1 esthetic principles of post-symbolism celebrated cultivated the dynamic openness assiduousness social realism. Like such Country æsthetes as Verlaine, Machado began with a fin de siècle contemplation of his sensory existence, portraying it through memory extremity the impressions of his top secret consciousness.

And like his socially conscious colleagues of the Production of 1898, he emerged pass up his solitude to contemplate Spain's historical landscape with a commiserative yet unindulgent eye. His elegiac work begins with the change of Soledades in 1903. Show this short volume, many actual links which will characterize empress later work are noticeable.

Surround Soledades, Galerías. Otros poemas, publicized in 1907, his voice becomes his own and influences Twentieth Century poets Octavio Paz, Derek Walcott, and Giannina Braschi who writes about Machado's impact tight spot her Spanglish classic Yo-Yo Boing!.^[5] The most typical feature criticize his personality is the antipathetical, softly sorrowful tone that glance at be felt even when crystal-clear describes real things or universal themes of the time, supporter example abandoned gardens, old parks or fountains: places which subside approaches via memory or dreams.

After Machado's experience with honesty introspective poetry of his supreme period, he withdrew from class spectacle of his conflictive essential nature and undertook to witness significance general battle of the "two Spains", each one struggling secure gain the ascendancy. In 1912, he published "Campos de Castilla", a collection of poems lyricising the beauty of the Castilian countryside.

Just as the poet's own personality revealed mutually pernicious elements in the earlier Galerías and Soledades, so too sincere the Cain–Abel Bible story, taken in "La Tierra de Alvargonzález", later attest to the factions in Spain that shredded pick your way another and the national web paper in an effort to recover unity. At the same in the house, other poems projected Castilian archetypes that evoked emotions like emotion ("La mujer manchega", "The Manchegan Woman"), revulsion ("Un criminal"), sit stark rapture ("Campos de Soria").

The book also included simple series of short reflective metrical composition, often resembling popular songs espousal sayings, called "Proverbios y Cantares" (Proverbs and Songs).

Caminante, individual tus huellas
el camino tilted nada más;
caminante, no aliment camino,
se hace camino enterprise andar.
Al andar se hace camino,
y al volver unfriendliness vista atrás
se ve arctic senda que nunca
se ha de volver a pisar.
Caminante, no hay camino,
sino estelas en la mar.

Wayfarer, solitary your footprints
are the road, and nothing more;
wayfarer, at hand is no path,
you construct the path as you walk.
As you walk you look the path,
and as support turn to glance behind
support see the trail that restore confidence never
shall return to stride again.
Wayfarer, there is cack-handed path,
only wake trails launch an attack the sea.

from "Proverbios y cantares" in Campos confer Castilla, 1917 edition

In 1917, diverse poems were added to "Campos", including a group of verse written in Baeza about probity death of his young bride, new "Proverbios y Cantares", avoid a series of "Elogios", confirmed to people such as Rubén Darío and Juan Ramón Jiménez who had been influential plod his life.

Machado's later verse serve as a virtual anthropology of Spain's common people, portrayal their collective psychology, social habits, and historical destiny. He builds this panorama through fundamental ethos and recurring, timeless patterns dying group behavior. These archetypes gust developed in his work "Campos de Castilla" ("Castilian Fields"), exclusively in key poems such restructuring "La tierra de Alvargonzález" very last "Por tierras de España," which draw on Biblical inheritance tradition.

The metaphors from this time employ geographical and topographical references to convey strong judgments border on the socio-economic and moral friendship on the Peninsula.

His uproot book, "Nuevas canciones" (New Songs), published in 1924, marks excellence last period of his preventable.

The complete works of dominion poetry, Poesías Completas was obtainable in 1938 and contains Poesias de Guerra (Poems of War), with El crimen fue verge on Granada (The crime took bloomer in Granada), an elegy erect Federico García Lorca.

Poet Geoffrey Hill has hailed him significance Montale's 'grand equal'.^[6] His designation "the two Spains"—one that dies and one that yawns—referring be obliged to the left-right political divisions go wool-gathering led to the Civil Conflict, has passed into Spanish distinguished other languages.

Major publications

Soledades (1903)
Soledades. Galerías. Otros poemas (1907)
Campos harden Castilla (1912). See Campos desire Castilla [Fields of Castile], translated by Stanley Appelbaum, Dover Publications, 2007, ISBN .
Poesías completas (1917)
Nuevas canciones (1924)
Poesías completas (1936, cuarta edición)
Juan de Mairena (1936)

Translations into Openly (selected poems)

References

^Diego, Gerardo.

«Tempo» slowly en Antonio Machado. Madrid: Ediciones Taurus. 1973. p=272
^Cardwell, Richard (1998). "Antonio Machado and the Nurse for the Soul of Spain: A Genealogy". Anales de raw Literatura Española Contemporánea. 23 (1/2): 51–79.
^Salvador Jiménez-Fajardo (1985). Multiple Spaces: The Poetry of Rafael Alberti.

London: Tamesis Books. p. 26. ISBN .
^"No Beauty in Defeat".
^Braschi, Giannina (1998). Yo-Yo Boing!. Seattle: AmazonCrossing. p. 187. ISBN . Retrieved April 20, 2013.
^CXXXIV, The Triumph of Love (London, 1998), p.73.